Choosing the Right Color Space
By Jon Canfield
One area of contention among digital enthusiasts is the choice of color space for doing editing work. Almost every camera gives you the option of sRGB or Adobe RGB at capture. sRGB is a good choice for JPEG capture, especially if you intend to place your images online. It’s a standard that is safe for most situations and displays. But is it appropriate for printing? That depends a bit on your printer and your workflow.Most of the better inkjet photo printers support a color space closer in size to Adobe RGB. Some of the newest printers are capable of printing colors outside of Adobe RGB as well, which makes ProPhoto a consideration.
How much difference is there? Figure 1 below shows both sRGB and Adobe RGB spaces, along with the ProPhoto color space. In this figure, the red area is the sRGB color space, green indicates Adobe RGB, and the outside line is ProPhoto.
Figure 1
It’s pretty easy to see that ProPhoto covers just about every imaginable color, so why shouldn’t you just select this color space and be done with it? The main reason you might not choose ProPhoto is that you can have colors in your image that will be significantly out of gamut for your output device.
Let’s take a look at Figure 2 below. This shows the ProPhoto color space as the large area with the new HP Baryte Satin Art Paper on an HP Designjet Z3200 printer as the inside area. The Baryte paper is an excellent media with a large color gamut, but it’s significantly smaller than ProPhoto. So, if you print to this paper you run the risk of having colors that are out of gamut and will need to be mapped to a new color.
My recommendation to attendees at my workshops is to use the ProPhoto space if they’re doing their own printing. I’d rather have color in my image that is beyond the paper limits than have colors lost that I could have reproduced.
But, does it matter? After all, as I mentioned at the start of this post, your camera most likely only has sRGB and Adobe RGB as choices. If you’re shooting RAW though, a color space isn’t actually applied until you convert to an image format such as TIFF or PSD. If your image is already in one of these formats, going from Adobe RGB or sRGB to ProPhoto isn’t going to improve your output. It would be like moving a gallon of water from a one-gallon bottle to a five-gallon bottle. You still have a gallon of water.
If you’re not shooting RAW, you’re already giving up quite a bit of image data, so I’d suggest using Adobe RGB to keep as much color information as possible unless you don’t print, or you send your work to an online photo service such as Mpix or Snapfish to be printed. In that case, sRGB will save you a bit of time and give you results that will be as good as you can get from the source files.
One area of contention among digital enthusiasts is the choice of color space for doing editing work. Almost every camera gives you the option of sRGB or Adobe RGB at capture. sRGB is a good choice for JPEG capture, especially if you intend to place your images online. It’s a standard that is safe for most situations and displays. But is it appropriate for printing? That depends a bit on your printer and your workflow.Most of the better inkjet photo printers support a color space closer in size to Adobe RGB. Some of the newest printers are capable of printing colors outside of Adobe RGB as well, which makes ProPhoto a consideration.
How much difference is there? Figure 1 below shows both sRGB and Adobe RGB spaces, along with the ProPhoto color space. In this figure, the red area is the sRGB color space, green indicates Adobe RGB, and the outside line is ProPhoto.
Figure 1
It’s pretty easy to see that ProPhoto covers just about every imaginable color, so why shouldn’t you just select this color space and be done with it? The main reason you might not choose ProPhoto is that you can have colors in your image that will be significantly out of gamut for your output device.
Let’s take a look at Figure 2 below. This shows the ProPhoto color space as the large area with the new HP Baryte Satin Art Paper on an HP Designjet Z3200 printer as the inside area. The Baryte paper is an excellent media with a large color gamut, but it’s significantly smaller than ProPhoto. So, if you print to this paper you run the risk of having colors that are out of gamut and will need to be mapped to a new color.
Figure 2
But, if we work in Adobe RGB, you can see in Figure 3 below that Baryte actually has colors that can be reproduced outside of this range. You would end up having colors clipped and remapped that weren’t out of range of your printer in the yellow and cyan spectrum.
Figure 3
If you’re working in Photoshop Lightroom, this is a moot point because Lightroom uses ProPhoto as its working color space. Photoshop however gives you the option of selecting a working space.My recommendation to attendees at my workshops is to use the ProPhoto space if they’re doing their own printing. I’d rather have color in my image that is beyond the paper limits than have colors lost that I could have reproduced.
But, does it matter? After all, as I mentioned at the start of this post, your camera most likely only has sRGB and Adobe RGB as choices. If you’re shooting RAW though, a color space isn’t actually applied until you convert to an image format such as TIFF or PSD. If your image is already in one of these formats, going from Adobe RGB or sRGB to ProPhoto isn’t going to improve your output. It would be like moving a gallon of water from a one-gallon bottle to a five-gallon bottle. You still have a gallon of water.
If you’re not shooting RAW, you’re already giving up quite a bit of image data, so I’d suggest using Adobe RGB to keep as much color information as possible unless you don’t print, or you send your work to an online photo service such as Mpix or Snapfish to be printed. In that case, sRGB will save you a bit of time and give you results that will be as good as you can get from the source files.
